Vela covers the financial-transaction side of transfer pricing end to end. Each module is independent and produces audit-ready Excel and Word working papers.
Guarantee-Fee Expected Loss
Prices an intragroup guarantee using the expected-loss approach (PD × LGD) remunerated with a CAPM cost of capital, consistent with OECD Chapter X. PD comes from the EU regulatory benchmark; LGD from Basel Foundation-IRB supervisory values.
IRB Intercompany Loan Pricing
Builds an arm's-length interest rate from a risk-free base plus decomposed credit, liquidity, optionality and seniority components, with a full term structure and debt-capacity check.
Credit Rating Scorecard
Derives a borrower credit rating from Vela's original sector scorecards across 22 industries, blending quantitative ratios with qualitative factors into a 0–100 Vela Credit Score and an international-scale rating equivalent.
Yield / CUP Analysis
Benchmarks loan pricing against arm's-length market yields, including a path for when the borrower's rating is unknown (common for related parties).